Reinforced concrete structure.



10,781,085 1 PATENTED JAN. s1, 1905.`

' n l l RC.' NEWECUSE.

REINEORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED APB-,8. 1904.

UNITED STATES Patented. Janu'ary 31,1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

.RAY C. NEWHOUSE, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO SILVIO A.CASPARIS, COLUMBUS, OHIO.

REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE.

v.s1IacIirIcA'rIorr forming part of Letters Patent No.V 781,086, datedJanuary 31, 1905.

' Application flied Aprile, 1904. serial No. 202,258.

To @ZZ whom, t waag/'concern' Be it known that I, RAY C. NEWHoUsE, aciti- 1 zen of the United States, residing at Columbut on the contraryincreasing its stability,

to employ lighter tension and shear members, thereby reducing the costof manufacture,

- and generally to improve structures such as I' will be hereinafterfully described and claimed.

defined. ,4

- With the above and other objects inview, as will appear as the natureof the invention is better understood, the same consists iny theJ novelconstruction and combination of partsv of a reinforced concrete or otherstructure, as

In` the accompanyingv drawings, forming a part of this'specification,and in which like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts,there are illustrated three forms of embodiment of the invention, eachcapable of carrying the same into'practical operation, it beingunderstood that the elements therein exhibited may be varied or changedas to shape,

proportion, and exact manner of assemblagev without departing from thespirit thereof, and in these drawings- Figure l is a view in sectionexhibiting the manner in which the reinforce of the present invention iscombined with a-concrete beam. Fig. 2 is a perspective detail view of aportion of the reinforce shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view in sideelevation of another form of reinforce. Fig. 4. is a `viewinplan of aportion of the reinforce shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a'perspective detailview of one form of shear that may be employed in connection with eitherof the above tension members. Fig. 6 is a view in side elevation ofanother form of reinforce. tion through Fig. 6.

As will hereinafter appear', by the novel arrangement of the tension andshear members employed there is positive provision made for preventingshearing at the ends ofthe structure.

As above stated, one of the objects of the presentv invention is tolighten the structure without detracting from its tensile strength orreducing its power to resist compression or yielding. Ament ofordinary'wire or rods, but by preference hard drawn steel wire or othermetahas it is well known that a drawn wire possesses much greaterstrength than a rolled bar of the same section. The metal used in thepresent instance is divided intoseveral elements, and in case of adefect it is not at all probable that it will be found in more than oneelement at the same time, whereas if a solid bar were used a defectmight extend entirely across the bar, and thus weaken the structure atthat point. It is also well known that several Vsmall sections orelements have a higher tensile strength than one large bar of the samecrosssection, and, further, that a steel wire with a cross-section of,say, one-eighth of a square inch has a relatively higher tensilestrength than' a bar of the same quality of steel with av cross-sectionof one square inch. These wellknown facts are utilized in the presentinvention and result in the production of a structure that is lighterthan-those in ordinary use, but has greater power of resisting tensilestrain, compression, and shearing. Furthermore, a much greater surfacefor theadhesion of the concrete is presented in proportion to weightandl area, and owing to the fact that the elements composing the tensionmembers are twisted or interwoven lthere is absolutely no chancewhatever to slipwhen embedded in the concrete.

generic sense to cover any kind of a compres- This is effected by theemploy` Fig. 7 is a transverse secsion member, it being understood thatit is intended to include brick or stone and still be Within the scopeof the invention.

Referring to the drawings and to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 thereof, 1 designatesthe tension members, in this instance two in number, and 2 the shearmembers. Each tension member is constructed of a plurality of twistedwires or bars of metal, between the twists of which the shear membersare secured, the latter being approximately rectangular in form andhaving their two arms disposed at an angle approximating forty-fivedegrees to the tension members and arranged at oppositely-disposedinclined angles with relation to each other from the center to theterminals of the tension members. The horizontal portion of each shearmember, or that disposed between the tension members, constitutes a tieor brace for holding the tension members properly disposed with relationto each other, and the arms constitute anchors which coact with the tiemembers in taking a firm hold on the concrete or other material to bereinforced, and thus in a practical Wmanner secure the functiondesigned. The shear members may be constructed of a single piece of wireor bar of metal bent to the appropriate shape; but to present thegreatest surface possible to the concrete or compression member C foradhesive purposes with a minimum of weight each of the shear members isformed by doubling the wire or bar upon itself and then bending it tothe appropriate shape, the elements thus formed being spaced apart topermit the concrete to enter between them, and thus effect positiveanchorage` By having the shear members inclined away from the center andtoward the ends of the tension members shearing at the ends of thestructure is positively prevented, and these parts are thus reinforcedand rendered more stable than would be possible if the shear memberswere disposed at right angles to the tension members.

In the form of embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 4 and 5 thetension member is constructed of a plurality of horizontally-disposedcrimped or sinuous wires or bars 3, between which the spaces formed bythe crimps of which are arranged the shear members et, the latter beingof the shape shown in Fig. 5, which is also the form used in connectionwith the structure shown in Fig. 3. By this manner of assembling theshear members with the tension member the elements of the latter arepositively held against separation, and the shear members are alsopositively held against detachment from the tension members, so that allof the members are interlocked and rendered thoroughly effective in use.

In the form of embodiment shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the tension member andshear members are formed from woven metallic fabric, the ends of whatwould be the filler in an ordinary woven fabric being turned up at thesides to form the shear members 5. This latter form of combined shearand tension member will be found particularly advantageous to use inlight structures; but by making the wires sufficiently heavy it may beemployed in any position where the form of device shown in Figs. Q and 4is employed.

It will be seen from the foregoing description that by constructing thetension member of twisted or otherwise assembled wires or bars danger offracture of the members is reduced to a minimum, inasmuch as if one ofthe elements of the tension member be defective it is not probable thatothers will be, so that danger of yielding or breakage under strain isreduced to a minimum. Furthermore, added strength is imparted to theconcrete structure with a minimum of weight. the manufacture of thestructure is facilitated, and its cost materially lessened.

Having thus described my invention, what is claimed is- A reinforce forconcrete or other structures comprising a tension member composed of apair of interwoven or twisted elements, and shear members each composedof a length of wire bent upon itself and formed into an opensidedrectangle, the sides of which constitute anchors and the base a tie, thetie being interlocked or interwoven with the tension members, and theanchors being' wholly disposed at inclinations and oppositely from thecenter of the reinforce toward its terminals.

ln testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own l have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

RAY C. NEW H OUSE. Witnesses:

E. C. VVuND'r, THos. S. BRooKs.

IOO

